Focusing on Schoolwork

He sounds like a classic case of learned helplessness. This is common in kids who are having trouble in school. What you have to find out is the barrier that is keeping him from functioning. Talk to his teachers, look for patterns in his behavior and talk to him especially. If he is having a problem in a particular subject, it could be signs of an underlying learning disability. These things can be helped, and it is not a bad thing. Also, find out if he's interested in a particular sport or activity, and support his participation. This will increase his confidence. Be patient and understanding, too. Don't berate him or threaten, because this will only cause him to pull back more. He'll come around with time.